Human
Biology – Part 03
Gross Anatomy – Parts that
could be seen by the eye
Surface Anatomy – corresponding landmarks on the surface
Microscopic anatomy – Histology (Study of the parts that
could not be seen from the naked eye) What do mean by Anatomical
Position
o
The anatomical position is a person standing
erect, with their feet together, eyes forward, palms facing front with the
thumbs pointing away from the body
Some Common Terms to know Standard
Terminology
Superior (cranial) - toward the head.
Inferior (caudal) - toward the feet.
Anterior (ventral) - front.
Posterior (dorsal) - back.
Medial - toward the middle.
Lateral - to the sides.
Proximal - in or near attachment point in
question, similar to the word proximity.
Distal - away from the attachment, similar to
the word distant.
Superficial (external) - is something on the
outside.
Deep (internal )- is inside, away from the skin.
Ipsilateral - Same side. (Ipsi means same.
Lateral means side.)
Contralateral - Opposite side. (Contra means opposite.) Planes of the Human Body
o
Median Plane
(Mid-sagittal Plane)
o
Sagittal Plane
(Para-median Plane)
o
Coronal Plane
(Frontal Plane)
o
Transverse Plane (Horizontal Plane)
What is diaphragm?
o
The diaphragm is a domed shaped skeletal muscle,
located at the inferior-most aspect of the rib cage.
o
It separates the thoracic cavity from the
abdominal cavity
Main Systems of the Human
Body
o
Digestive system
o
Respiratory System
o
Blood and Hematopoietic System
o
Cardio-Vascular System
o
Lymphatic System
o
Immune System
o
Urinary System
o
Nervous System
o
Endocrine System
o
Muscular System
o
Skeletal System
o
Reproductive Systems
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